Stairs



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PETER H. JACKSON, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

STAIRS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 307,551, dated November41, 1884.

Application filed September 3, ISS4. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern:

Beit known that I, PETER H. Jamison, of the eityand countyof SanFrancisco, and State of California, have invented an Improvement inStairs; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description thereof.

My invention relates to certain improvements in stairs which are `usedin buildings, either plain or with openings for glass for il luminating.

It consists oli' risers constructed so as to form deep vertical beams,supported at the ends 0nly,with treads extending from the top'of one tothe foot of the next, and an improved means for securing the twotogether, the formation of the nosing for the edge of each tread with aconcave space at the rear, into which Iortland cement or other materialmay be pressed in the plastic state, so as to form a tight joint, ameans for securing the nosing to the riser, and also uniting it with thefoot of the next one, with means for securing the cement or othermaterial of the tread, together Ywith certain Adetails ot' construction,all or' which will be more fully explained by reference to the aecompanying drawings, in whieh Figure l is a view showing the steps withthe recessed nosing, a means for uniting the riser and treads, and forapplying the surface of the Portland cement or other material. Fig. 2 isa view of the step and riser, with a surface of Portland cement or othermaterial with lights and a nosing of metal. Fig. 3 is a section ot'astoop and steps. Fig. 4 shows a portion of a riser. Fig. is thecross-plate i'or bottom of steps,with countersunk holes for holdingplaster lilling. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the bracketbearer. Fig. 7is au enlarged view of the metallic bar with cyesat the ends. I

My present,invention provides for certain improvements in devices shownin patent issued to me .I uly 22, 1884. In the present caseI have shownthenosings A,which form the `front ofthe tread, cast with a recess, a,in the rear portion, which corresponds with the convex curve in thefront. This recess serves adouble purpose: first, it may receive theedge of the material oi' which the tread is formed, especially if it isformed from Portland cement, asphaltum, or other plastic material, andit lits in this recess so as to prevent leakage and make tight joints;second, the advantage is that by being a much lighter casting it is notapt to be warped into a curved or crooked form when it cools, as wasmore apt to be the case wh en this portion was formed solid. The riserBhasa-tlange, C, projecting outward from its front edge. Rods or bars I)extend from the inner lower part of the nosing back to this iiange C,and have eyes d made in their ends, through which bolts pass to securethe lower portion of each riser to the rear of the nosing which restsupon the top ol the next riser in front and below. Rods or bars E mayalso pass through or across bars I), so as to lie parallel with thenosing infront, and thema-terial of which thetread is to be formed,which may be made of Iortland cement, asphaltum, or other plasticsubstances, may be poured or spread into the intcrstices between thesebars, a board or plate being first fixed beneath, so as t0 prevent thematerial from running through. rIhe rear edge of this material fills inthe channel made by theupturned lip c, hefore described, while its frontedge iills the recess in the nosing,thus formingatight joint, and at thesame time serving as the band to hold the front lower portion oi'eachriser to the top upper portion of thenext onein front. This nosing mayeither be cast entire with the riser, or they may be separate and.bolted to the riser. The surface oi' thetrcad may either be plain or itmaybe perforated for the insertion of glass, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

By reason ci' the eyes Z in the bars, which extend from the front torear, the rivets which are used to secure them in place pass through theeyes and thus prevent the cement from breaking out after it is in place,as would be the case ifit were not for this construction. In some casesit maybe desirable to iix an iron plate, j', across beneath the iillingof cement or plastic material, which shall remain permanently in place,being screwed to the back ofthe riser near the top, and to the Yl'rontof the one behind near the bottom. In this case the bars would not benecessary, but countersunk holes could be made in the plate tohold IOOthe plastic material in place, a board being placed below, so that whenthe cement is pressed into and through these holes it would not runentirely through.

In my former patent I have shown brackets or bearers placed at one ormore points between the ends'of the stairs, yso as to support thetreads. These brackets are made of considerable depth, extending to thebottom of the riser. In the present case I have shown brackets Ii ofshallow depth bolted to the rear near thetop of one riser, extendingback beneath the tread, and resting upon projecting lip or flange fromthe front of' the lower portion of the next riser to the i'ear. By thisconstruction these bearers occupy butlitt-le space, and whenilluminating-tiles are used do not act to cut off any portion of thelight which may pass through. In some cases I found it ad visable toextend the coating of Portland cement or plastic material so as to alsocover the front of the risers. In this case the front of the riser andthe tread will be entirely formed ofthe covering material, and the onlyiron part which remains in view will be the nosing before described. Asthis is subject to the greater portion of the wear where the stairs arebeing used, it will be seen that the material used in this portion ot'the step has a greater power to resist the wear, and I am thus enabledto employ the plastic material for the treads in front ofthe risers withmuch better effect.

In some cases I have found it desirable to form the whole surface oft-he stairs of artificial stone, and in such cases I employ metalliebeams or risers, which are supported at t-heir ends as before, and haveoutwardly-projecting flanges at the bottom. Brackets are secured to theupper edges of these risers, cxtending backwardly, and being bolted tothe flanges of those behind, so as to form supe ports at intervals inthe length of the stairs, these brackets resting upon the top andflanges ofthe risers, as shown at ffl, but extending to a very littledepth downward. The risers and treads are properly prepared to receive acoating of Portland cement, concrete, or other material which will setfrom a plastic condition, so as to form artificial stone, thus makingthe entire surface ot' the steps of stone without its being necessary-tomake them of great thickness, as in the case of ordinary stone steps.rlhis enables me to employ the space beneath the stairs for desk-room orother purposes, as the whole depth of the iron and vconcrete formationwill not be sufficient to greatly fill up the space.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-..

l. In stairs, the risers having concave-convex nosing at the top, andflange projecting from the lower front edge, together with thetransverse uniting-bars, substantially as herein described.

2. The transverse uniting-bars having eyes gcther with a surface ortread formed of Portland cement or other material which sets from aplastic state, risers having an outwardlyprojecting flange formed uponthe front lower edge, and the nosing with the concave recess at therear, and to which the cement is fitted, as herein described.

3. In stairs, the risers having the recessed nosing at the upper edge, achannel formed by the flange and lip at the lower edge, trans verseuniting bars or eyebolts, and longitudinal rods, together with a coatingor covering of Portland cement or other plastic material, fitting therecess and aron n d the rods and bars, as herein described.

Li. In stairs, the risers having the recessed nosing and the fianges atthe lower front edge, together with treads extending from one to theother and united as shown, and the bearers resting upon the upper rearedges and lower front edges, respectively, of adjacent risers, so as tosupport the treads, substantially as herein described.

In stairs, the risers having nosings at the top and projecting flangesat the lower front edges, bars secured between the bottom of one riserand the nosing at the top of the next in front, said bars and risershaving countersunk holes made through them, together with a fillingofplastic material covering the treads, and also covering the front of"the riser, as herein described.

6. In stairs,'metallic beams or risers, with outwardly -projectingflanges at the lower edges, and resting upon end supports, a frameresting on the tops of the risers in front, and the lower flanges ofthose behind at points between the ends ofthe beams, together with acovering of Portland cement, concrete, or other plasticmaterial, to formartificialfstone steps, substantially as herein described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

PETER H. Jackson.

Vitnesses: i S. H. NoURsn, l E. H. Timur.

in their ends to receive rivets or screws, to-

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